Family Piperaceae.
Habitat Native of the IndoMalaysian region; cultivated in Western Ghats, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Assam and Kerala.
English Black Pepper.
Ayurvedic ø Maricha, Vellaja,
Uushna, Suvrrita, Krishnaa.
Unani Filfil Siyaah, Safed.
Siddha/Tamil Milagu. Milaguver (root).
Action Stimulant, carminative, diuretic, anticholerin, sialagogue, bechic, antiasthmatic. Used in
fevers, dyspepsia, flatulence, indigestion, and as mucous membrane and gastro-intestinal stimulant. Externally—rubefacient and stimulant to the skin. Used as a gargle for sore throat. Used with ginger and Piper longum for viral hepatitis.
The fruit yielded piperine, piperatine and piperidine; amides, piperyline, piperoleins A and B, and N-isobutyl-cicosa- trans-2 - trans-4-dienami- de.
The aqueous extract of roasted black pepper is reported to show cholinomimetic effect on rat abdominis muscles.
Dosage Fruit—500 mg to 1 g.
(CCRAS.)
Piper schmidtii Hook. f.
Family Piperaceae.
Habitat Assam, Western Ghats, the Nilgiris and Palni hills above 1,500 m.
English Nilgiri Pepper. Action Carminative.
The neolignan schmiditin, together with lignin galgravin as well as friedelin, beta-sitosterol and its beta0-glucoside have been isolated from the extract of aerial parts. The extract exhibited antiamoebic activity.
Piper sylvaticum Roxb.
Family Piperaceae.
Pisonia aculeata Linn. 493
Habitat Assam and Bengal.
Ayurvedic Vana-Pippali.
Folk Pahaari Peepal.
Action Fruit—carminative. Aerial
