S. lucida Wall.
Family Simaroubaceae.
Habitat West Coast, along
back waters and evergreen forests from Maharashtra southwards to Trivandrum.
English Niepa Bark tree.
Siddha/Tamil Nibam, Niepa, Karinjottei.
Folk Lokhandi (Maharashtra).
Action Bark—febrifuge; juice applied to skin diseases. An infusion of wood and bark is
given as emmenagogue. Seed— emetic, purgative; used for bilious fevers. Seed oil—applied in
rheumatism. Leaves— externally in erysipelas.
The bark contains the quassinoids, indaquassin, A, D, E and F; samaderme B to E, dihydrosamaderine B, brucein D, soulameolide, cedronin and canthin-2, 6-dione.
Brucin D showed activity against Walker’s carcinoma. Samaderine E, isolated from the plant, exhibits antileukaemic activity.
Family Fagaceae.
Habitat The Himalayas, from the Sutlej valley westwards and in Kashmir at altitudes of 900— 2,600 m.
English Holly or Hoim Oak.
Ayurvedic Maayaaphala (var.) (galls).
Action Leaves—antioxidant. Galls—contain 41% tannin. The bark contains 7—13%; leaves 2.1% tannin and 1.8% non-tannin.
The leaves contain alpha-tocopherol as main antioxidant. The mature leaves contain proanthocyanidins 3.3, and leucoanthocyanidins 3.4 mg/g (on dry matter basis).
Quercus incana Roxb.
Synonym Q. leucotrichophora A. Camus ex Bhadur.
Family Fagaceae.
Habitat Kashmir and Western Himalayas up to Nepal at altitudes of 1,000—2,400 m.
English Grey Oak.
Unani Baloot.
Folk Shilaa Supaari (Kashmir), Phanat (Garhwal), Shiddar (Kashmir).
Quassia indica Nooteboom. Quercus ilex Linn.
532 Quercus infectoria Oliv.
Action Acrons—diuretic, astringent. Used in indigestion and
