Family Labiatae; Lam iaceae.
Habitat Native of Baluchistan. (Used in Unani medicine.)
Unani Kanochaa, Mary. Seeds— Tukhm Kanochaa, Tukhm Mary.
(National Form ulary of Unani
Medicine equated Kanochaa with
Phyllanthus maderaspatensis Linn.)
Action Used for colic and as an intestinal tonic, deobstruent and disinfectant. Roasted or processed seeds are prescribed in diarrhoea and dysentery.
Salvinia cucullata Roxb.
Family Salviniaceae; Azollaceae.
Habitat Throughout India in
shallow, freshwater lakes, ponds, ditches.
Ayurvedic Aalthukarni (Kerala). (Suggested by Rashtriya Ayurveda Vidyapeeth.)
Action Root—digestive, diuretic, febrifuge, anthelmintic. Used for epistasis, fever and colic. Also for dysuria, polyuria and skin diseases.
In Kerala, Merremia emarginata (Convolvulaceae) or Hemionitis arfoha (Cheihanthaceae) are used as Aakhukarni.
Salvinia is an aquatic fern, rich in protein, minerals, chlorophyll and carotenoids. Its extract exhibited strong antifungal activity against Fusarium nivahe.
Sambucus ebulus Linn.
Synonym S. wightiana Wail. ex W.
&A.
Family Caprfohiaceae.
Habitat Kashmir at 2,000—3,600 m. English Dwarf Elder.
Unani Khamaan Saghir, Khamaanul-Arzaa, (Nabli) Khamaan.
Siddha/Tamil Mushkiyaara
(Punjab), Khamman, Ganhulaa.
Action Diuretic, expectorant. Used for kidney and bladder torpor.
578 Sambucus nigra Linn.
Lipid fraction of drupes contains unsaturated fatty acids, sterols, aliphatic alcohols, triterpenic alcohols, alpha- and beta-amyrin; also anthocyanin pigments, phenolic acids. The root contains beta-sitosterol and alphaamyrin. Aqueous extracts induced diuresis in rats and exhibited hypotensive activity in cats. The
