English Puneala Plum.
Ayurvedic Praachinaamalaka, Paaniyaamalaka. (Taalispatri (Hindi), Taalispatra (Gujarati), Taalisam (Malyalaam), Taalispatramu (Telugu) are confusing synonyms of Paaniyaamalaka.)
Unani Taalisfar, Nabaq Hindi, Zarnab. In National Formulary of Unani Medicine, Zarnab, synonym Telispattar, is equated with F catapracta, also with Cinnamon urn tamala Nees. (Zarnab is also equated with Salix aegyptiaca Sprengel and Taalisfar with Rhododendron anthapogon D. Don or R. lipidoturn by Unani scholars.)
Siddha/Tamil Saralu, Vayangarai. Folk Paniyaalaa (Bihar).
Action Leaves—astringent, antidiarrhoeal, stomachic. Used in chronic bronchitis. Fruit—used in affections of the liver. Bark and fruit—antibiious. Infusion of bark is used as a gargle. Fruits contain (dry basis) protein 3.9%; vitamin C 218, Ca 175, K 158, P 147, Fe 118, Mg
57 mg!100 g. The fruit stem bark and bark yielded a coumarin, ostruthin, and limonoids, jangomolide and limonin.
(Taalisha, Taalisam, Taalisapatri,
Taalisapatra—all the synonyms are
now equated with Abies spectabiis
(D. Don) Spach., synonym A. webbiana
Lindi., Pinus webbiana Wall.)
Synonym F cataphracta Roxb.
Foeniculum vulgare Miii. 271
Flacourtia sepiaria Roxb. Family Flacourtiaceae.
Habitat Kumaon and n the dry forests of Bengal, Bihar, Orissa and South India.
Ayurvedic Vikankata (related species), Kinkini (provisional classical synonym).
Folk Kondai, Kondari.
Action The bark of the plant, triturated in sesame oil, is used as liniment in gout and rheumatism.
Foeniculum vulgare Mill.
Family Umbellferae; Apiaceae.
Habitat Native to the Mediterranean region; now cultivated mainly in Punjab, Assam, Maharashtra and Vadodara (Gujarat).
English Fennel. (Poison hemlock has been misidentified as fennel.)
Ayurvedic Mishreyaa, Mishi, Madhurikaa, Madhuraa, Shatapushpaa, Shataahvaa. (Shatpushpaa is equated with Saunf and Shataahvaa with Soyaa. Some authors treat these as vice-versa.)
