Action Fruit—antiscorbutic, cholagogue, cooling, antibilious, emollient and demulcent. A syrup from the fruit juice is given in bilious affections. Bark—astringent, Oil or Kokam Butter—used for dysentery and diarrhoea with mucus. Applied externally to ulcerations, fissures of lips, chapped skin and skin diseases.
The fruit rind contain a polyisoprenylated phenolic pigment, garcinol and its isomer isogarcinol, along with (—)-hydroxycitric acid, cyanidin3-glucoside and cyanidin-3-sambubio- side. L-leucine and DNP-L-leucine hydrochloride have been reported from the leaves.
EtOH (50%) extract of aerial parts exhibited semen coagulant and CNS depressant activity.
Kokum butter contains fatty acids— palmtic 2.0, stearic 57.5, oleic 39.0, linoleic 1.3 and others 0.2%.
Dosage Fruit—10—20 ml
juice; root bark—40—80 ml decoction. (CCRAS.)
Garcinia mangostana Linn.
Family Guttferae; Clusiaceae.
Habitat Native to Malaysia. Now cultivated mainly on lower slopes of the Nilgiris.
English Mangosteen, Dodol.
Siddha/Tamil Sulambuli, Mangusta.
Folk Mangustaan.
Action Fruit—antileucorrhoeic, astringent, antifungal, antibacterial; used in cystitis, diseases of the genitourinary tract, diarrhoea, tropical dysentery and fevers. Pericarp—used externally for eczema and other skin diseases. Leaves—anti-inflammatory, antiimmunosuppressive, antiprotozoal, antimicrobial.
The plant contains anthocyanin glycosides, a benzophenone, maclurin and several prenylated and related xanthones. The leaves contain terpenoids, xanthones and long chain hydrocarbons.
The pericarp (fruit hull) contains the xanthone derivatives, mangostin, normangostin, beta-mangostin, gammamangostin, isomangostin as maj or constituents.
Mangostin, isolated from the rind of fruit, inhibited primary and secondary responses to adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats. Mangostin, isoman gostin and mangostin triacetate exhibited pronounced anti-inflammatory activity in rats both by Lp. and oral routes.
Mangostin also produced antiulcer activity in rats.
Mangostin and some of its derivatives produced CNS depression, characterized by ptosis, sedation and decreased motor activity.
Gamma-mangostin showed more potent radical scavenging and antioxidant activity than BHA.
